Pengertian, Perubahan Tenses dan Contoh Indirect Speech
A. Perubahan Tenses Dalam Indirect Speech
Dalam indirect speech atau reported speech didahului dengan kata said, misalnya: I said, Jack said atau They said. Selain itu, tenses atau bentuk waktunya berubah menjadi bentuk waktu yang lebih lampau.
Perhatikan tabel berikut :
Direct Speech
|
Indirect Speech
|
Simple Present
He said, “I
go to Jakarta every month.”
|
Simple Past
He said
(that) he went to Jakarta every month.
|
Simple Past
He said,”I
went to Jakarta every month.”
|
Past Perfect
He said
(that) he had gone to Jakarta every month.
|
Present Perfect
He said, “I
have gone to Jakarta every month.”
|
Past Perfect
He said
(that) he had gone to Jakarta every month.
|
Present Continuous
He said,”I
am going to Jakarta every month.”
|
Past Continuous
He said
(that) he was going to Jakarta every month.
|
Past Continuous
He said, “I
was going to Jakarta every month.”
|
Perfect Continuous
He said
(that) he had been going to Jakarta every month.
|
Future (will)
He said,”I
will go to Jakarta every month.”
|
Would + verb
He said
(that) he would go to Jakarta every month.
|
Furure (going to)
He said, “I
am going to Jakarta every month.”
|
Past Continuous
He said
(that) he was going to Jakarta every month.
|
B. Indirect Speech Dengan Perintah
Bentuk indirect atau reported speech perubahan dari kalimat perintah biasanya menggunakan kata said, told, dan ordered dan kemudian diikuti bentuk to infinitive.
Direct Speech
|
Indirect Speech
|
He said,”Go
to school every day.”
The police
ordered,”Walk on!”
The
teacher said,”Don’t be lazy!”
|
He told me
to go to school every day.
He told me
to wash my face.
The police
ordered me to walk on.
The
teacher told me not to be lazy.
|
C. Indirect Speech Dengan Larangan
Bentuk indirect speech perubahan dari kalimat larangan biasanya membuat mustn't tetap mustn't tetapi didahului that + Subject dan diikuti dengan auxiliary dan verb tanpa mengubah tenses (bentuk waktunya).
Direct Speech
|
Indirect Speech
|
He told
me,”You mustn’t drive a car without a driving licence.”
|
He told me
that I musn’t drive a car without a driving licence.
|
D. Indirect Speech Dengan Tanya
Bentuk Indirect Speech yang merupakan perubahan dari kalimat tanya dapat dikelompokan menjadi dua:
a. Indirect Speech dengan Yes-No Question : biasanya menggunakan kata "whether".
b. Indirect Speech dengan W-H Question : Biasanya menggunakan kata tanya yang ada dalam kalimat langsungnya.
Direct Speech
|
Indirect Speech
|
He said, “Do you go to school every day?”
|
He asked
me whether I went to school every
day.
|
He said, “Where do you go to school?”
|
He asked
me where I went to school.
|
She asked,
“When will they come?”
|
She asked
me when they would come.
|
E. Perubahan Pada Adverbs, Articles, dan Modals
Perubahan dari bentuk langsung menjadi tidak langsung juga mengakibatkan adanya perubahan pada adverbs, articles, dan modals tertentu, sebagai berikut :
can ---> could
will ---> would
here ---> there
now ---> then
next week ---> the following week
shall ---> should
may ---> might
this ---> that
yesterday ---> the day before
Direct Speech
|
Indirect Speech
|
can
He said,”I
can go to school every day.”
|
could
He said
(that) he could go to school every day.
|
may
He said,”I
may go to school every day.”
|
might
He said
(that) he might go to school every day.
|
Demikian Pengertian, Perubahan Tenses dan Contoh Indirect Speech, semoga bermanfaat.